What is stomach cancer?
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide in recent years. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days and conduct a structured analysis from the definition, symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic methods, treatment methods and preventive measures of gastric cancer to help readers fully understand the current status of gastric cancer.
1. Definition of gastric cancer
Gastric cancer refers to a malignant tumor that occurs in the gastric mucosal epithelial cells. It usually originates from the inner mucosa of the stomach and may spread to other parts as the disease progresses. The early symptoms of gastric cancer are not obvious and are easily ignored, so many patients are already in the middle and late stages when diagnosed.
2. Symptoms of gastric cancer
The symptoms of gastric cancer vary depending on the stage of the disease. The following is a summary of common symptoms of stomach cancer:
| Symptom type | Specific performance |
|---|---|
| early symptoms | Upper abdominal discomfort, mild pain, loss of appetite, indigestion |
| mid-term symptoms | Weight loss, persistent abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, black stools |
| Late symptoms | Severe weight loss, anemia, abdominal mass, jaundice, ascites |
3. Risk factors for gastric cancer
The occurrence of gastric cancer is related to many factors. The following is a classification of the main risk factors:
| risk factor categories | Specific content |
|---|---|
| dietary factors | High-salt diet, pickled foods, smoked foods, lack of fresh fruits and vegetables |
| Infectious factors | Helicobacter pylori infection, Epstein-Barr virus infection |
| living habits | Smoking, drinking alcohol, staying up late, lack of exercise |
| genetic factors | Family history of gastric cancer, certain genetic syndromes |
| other factors | Chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric polyps, history of gastric surgery |
4. Diagnostic methods of gastric cancer
The diagnosis of gastric cancer requires a combination of multiple examination methods. The following are commonly used diagnostic methods:
| diagnostic methods | Specific instructions |
|---|---|
| Gastroscopy | Directly observe gastric lesions and take biopsies |
| Imaging examination | CT, MRI, PET-CT, etc. to evaluate tumor extent and metastasis |
| laboratory tests | Tumor marker detection (such as CEA, CA19-9, etc.) |
| Pathological examination | Determine tumor type and degree of differentiation |
5. Treatment methods for gastric cancer
The treatment plan for gastric cancer needs to be formulated according to the stage of the disease and the patient’s physical condition, and mainly includes the following:
| Treatment | Applicable situations | Main function |
|---|---|---|
| surgical treatment | Early and some intermediate and advanced gastric cancer | Removal of the tumor and surrounding tissue |
| Chemotherapy | Gastric cancer at all stages, especially in the middle and late stages | Kill cancer cells or inhibit their growth |
| radiotherapy | locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer | Local control of tumor growth |
| targeted therapy | Gastric cancer with specific gene mutations | Precisely target cancer cells |
| Immunotherapy | Some patients with advanced gastric cancer | Activate the immune system to attack cancer cells |
6. Preventive measures for gastric cancer
Preventing gastric cancer needs to start with daily life. The following are effective prevention methods:
| Precautions | Specific practices |
|---|---|
| diet modification | Increase the intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, reduce pickled foods, and control salt content |
| living habits | Quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, have a regular schedule, and exercise moderately |
| infection control | Detecting and treating Helicobacter pylori infection |
| Regular physical examination | Especially those with a family history or stomach disease |
| psychological adjustment | Maintain a good attitude and reduce stress |
7. Recent hot topics related to gastric cancer
According to the hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days, the following are hot topics related to gastric cancer:
| hot topics | Main content |
|---|---|
| New technology for early screening | Application of new technologies such as liquid biopsy and artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis |
| Targeted therapy breakthrough | Research progress on new drugs for HER2-positive gastric cancer |
| Immunotherapy progress | Latest results of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of gastric cancer |
| More young patients | Analysis of the rising proportion of gastric cancer patients under 40 years old |
| Diet and gastric cancer | Latest research on specific dietary habits and gastric cancer risk |
8. Summary
Gastric cancer is a serious threat to human health, but by understanding its symptoms, risk factors and preventive measures, we can effectively reduce the risk of the disease. With the advancement of medical technology, the diagnosis and treatment methods of gastric cancer are constantly updated. It is recommended that high-risk groups undergo regular gastric examinations and seek medical attention promptly if abnormalities are found. At the same time, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is an important basis for preventing gastric cancer.
This article is based on the hot content of the entire Internet in the past 10 days, aiming to provide comprehensive information related to gastric cancer. For specific diagnosis and treatment suggestions, please consult a professional medical institution.
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